Lot # : 691 - VIETNAM INSTRUCTIONAL POSTER M18A1 CLAYMORE
Live Webcast Auction
Information
| Lot # | 691 |
|---|---|
| Estimate | 200.00 - 400.00 USD |
| Group - Category | Antiques & Collectibles - Militaria & War Collectibles - Vietnam War |
| Lead | VIETNAM INSTRUCTIONAL POSTER M18A1 CLAYMORE |
| Description |
Vietnam Instructional Fiberboard poster for the operation for the M18A1 Claymore. The board measures 20 X 30 inches with some finish loss. Excellent. The Claymore mine is a directional anti-personnel mine developed for the United States Armed Forces. Its inventor, Norman MacLeod, named the mine after a large medieval Scottish sword. Unlike a conventional land mine, the Claymore may be command-detonated (fired by remote-control), and is directional, shooting a wide pattern of metal balls into a kill zone. The Claymore can also be activated by a booby-trap tripwire firing system for use in area denial operations. The Claymore fires steel balls out to about 100 m (110 yd) within a 60° arc in front of the device. It is used primarily in ambushes and as an anti-infiltration device against enemy infantry. It is also used against unarmored vehicles. Description: The M18A1 Claymore mine has a horizontally convex gray-green plastic case (inert training versions are light blue or green with a light blue band). The shape was developed through experimentation to deliver the optimum distribution of fragments at 50 m (55 yd) range. The case has the words "FRONT TOWARD ENEMY" embossed on the front of the mine. A simple open sight on the top surface allows for aiming the mine. Two pairs of scissor legs attached to the bottom support the mine and allow it to be aimed vertically. On both sides of the sight are fuse wells set at 45 degrees. Internally the mine contains a layer of C-4 explosive behind a matrix of about seven hundred 1/8-inch-diameter (3.2 mm) steel balls set into an epoxy resin. When the M18A1 is detonated, the explosion drives the matrix forward, out of the mine at a velocity of 1,200 m/s (3,937 ft/s), at the same time breaking it into individual fragments. The steel balls are projected in a 60° fan-shaped pattern that is 2.0 metres (6.6 ft) high and 50 m (55 yd) wide at a range of 50 m (55 yd). The force of the explosion deforms the relatively soft steel balls into a shape similar to a .22 rimfire projectile. These fragments are moderately effective up to a range of 100 m (110 yd), with a hit probability of around 10% on a prone man-sized 1.3-square-foot (0.12 m2) target. The fragments can travel up to 250 m (270 yd). The optimum effective range is 50 m (55 yd), at which the optimal balance is achieved between lethality and area coverage, with a hit probability of 30% on a man-sized target. The weapon and all its accessories are carried in an M7 bandolier ("Claymore bag"). The mine is detonated as the enemy personnel approaches the killing zone. Controlled detonation may be accomplished by use of either an electrical or non-electrical firing system. When mines are employed in the controlled role, they are treated as individual weapons and are reported in the unit fire plan. They are not reported as mines; however, the emplacing unit must ensure that the mines are removed, detonated, or turned over to a relieving unit. The 100-foot (30 m) M4 electric firing wire on a green plastic spool is provided in each bandolier. The M57 firing device (colloquially referred to as the "clacker") is included with each mine. An M40 circuit test set is packed in each case of six mines. When the mines are daisy-chained together, one firing device can detonate several mines. The mine can be detonated by any mechanism that activates the blasting cap. There are field-expedient methods of detonating the mine by tripwire, or by a timer, but these are rarely used. Development: The development of the M18A1 mine dates back to work done during World War II. The Misnay–Schardin effect was independently discovered during that war by József Misnay, a Hungarian, and Hubert Schardin, a German. When a sheet of explosive detonates in contact with a heavy backing surface (for example, a metal plate), the resulting blast is primarily directed away from the surface in a single direction. Schardin spent some time developing the discovery as a side-attack anti-tank weapon, but development was incomplete at the end of the war. Schardin also spent time researching a "trench mine" that used a directional fragmentation effect. Norman MacLeod and Calord Corporation: Following the massed Chinese attacks during the Korean War, Canada and the United States began to develop projects to counter them. Canada fielded a weapon called the "Phoenix" landmine, which used the Misnay–Schardin effect to project a spray of 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) steel cubes towards the enemy. The cubes were embedded in 5 pounds (2.3 kg) of Composition B explosive. It was too large to be a practical infantry weapon and was relatively ineffective, with a maximum effective range of only 20 to 30 yards (about 20 to 30 meters).Around 1952 Norman MacLeod, at his company the Calord Corporation, began working on a small directional mine for use by infantry. It is not clear if the United States Picatinny Arsenal took the concept from the Canadian weapon and asked Norman MacLeod to develop it, or if he developed the design independently and presented it to them. MacLeod designed a weapon called the T-48; broadly similar to the final M18A1, it lacked a number of the design details that made the M18A1 effective. Through Picatinny, the United States Army accepted the weapon into service as the M18 Claymore and approximately 10,000 were produced. It was used in small numbers in Vietnam from around 1961. It was not until the improved M18A1 was developed that the Claymore became a widely used weapon. The M18 was 9.25-inch (235 mm) long and 3.27-inch (83 mm) high, held in a plastic case with three folding spike legs on the bottom. An electrical blasting cap for triggering the mine was inserted through a small hole in the side. Internally the mine consisted of a layer of 12-ounce (340 g) of C-3 explosive (the forerunner of C-4 explosive) in front of which was laid an array of 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) steel cubes. In total the mine weighed about 2.43-pound (1.10 kg), and could be fitted with an optional peep sight for aiming. It lacked the later version's iconic "FRONT TOWARD ENEMY" marking. The mine was planted in the ground, using its three sharp legs, and aimed in the direction of enemy approach; at that point, it was fitted with an electrical blasting cap. The mine was triggered from a safe position, preferably to the side and rear. The mine was barely more than a prototype and was not considered a "reliable casualty producer"; like the Phoenix it had an effective range of only 90 feet (27 m). MacLeod applied for a patent for the mine on 18 January 1956, and was granted it in February 1961. The patent was later the subject of a civil court case between MacLeod, the Army, and Aerojet, which further developed the Claymore design. MacLeod's case collapsed when photographs of the German Trenchmine prototype were produced as evidence of prior art. Throner, Kennedy, Bledsoe, and Kincheloe at Aerojet: In 1954 Picatinny Arsenal issued a request for proposals (RFP) to improve the M18 as a more effective weapon. At Aerojet in the early 1950s, Guy C. Throner had independently come up with a design for a Claymore-like mine. He worked with Don Kennedy and the two men submitted a 30-page proposal in response to Picatinny's RFP. They were awarded a $375,000 development contract to improve the Claymore design. The Picatinny criteria for the weapon were as follows: It must weigh less than 3.5 pounds (1.6 kilograms). It must throw enough fragments so that at a range of 55 yards (50 m) it achieves a 100 percent strike rate on a 1.3 square feet (0.12 m2) target (man-sized).The fragment area must not be more than 8 feet (2.4 m) high and no more than 60 degrees wide. Fragments must have a velocity of 4,000 feet (1,200 m) per second providing 58 foot-pounds (79 joules) of kinetic energy delivered to the target. The requirement for kinetic energy was based on the fact that 58-foot pounds is required to deliver a potentially lethal injury. Given the requirements of weight and fragment density, approximately 700 fragments were needed, with the ability to aim the mine with an accuracy of around two feet (0.61 m) at the center of the target zone. The team at Aerojet were given access to all previous research into directional mines, including the M18 and the Phoenix, as well as German research. Dr. John Bledsoe led the initial project. The original M18 mine fell far short of Picatinny's requirements. One of the first improvements was to replace the steel cubes with 7/32-inch (5.6 mm) hardened 52100 alloy ball bearings. These performed poorly for two reasons. Firstly, the hardened steel balls spalled into fragments when hit by the shock of the explosion; the fragments were neither aerodynamic enough nor large enough to perform effectively. Secondly, the blast "leaked" between the balls, reducing their velocity. A second problem was the curvature of the mine. This was determined experimentally by Bledsoe, through a large number of test firings. After Bledsoe left the project to work at the Rheem corporation, William Kincheloe, another engineer, came onto the Claymore project. Kincheloe immediately suggested using softer 1/8-inch (3.2 mm) steel "gingle" balls, which were used in the foundry process. They did not spall from the shock of the explosive, but deformed into a useful aerodynamic shape similar to a .22 rimfire projectile. Using a homemade chronograph, the engineers clocked the balls at 3,775 feet per second (1,151 m/s). The second change was to use a poured plastic matrix to briefly contain the blast from the explosive, so that more of the blast energy was converted into projectile velocity. After a number of experiments, the engineers settled on Devcon-S steel-filled epoxy to hold the balls in place. With this change, the velocity improved to 3,995 feet per second (1,218 m/s). Technical challenges to overcome included developing a case to contain the corrosive C-3 explosive that would be durable enough to withstand months of field handling in wide temperature ranges. Using dyes to test various plastics for leaks, they found a suitable plastic called Durex 1661½, which could be easily molded into a case. By the spring of 1956, Aerojet had a near-final design. It was awarded a pre-production contract for 1,000 M18A1 Claymores, designated T-48E1 during testing. The initial versions of the mine used two pairs of wire legs produced from number 9 (3 mm) wire. Later when production was ramped up, the design was changed to flat steel scissor, folding-type legs. Early pre-production mines were triggered using a battery pack, which had been used with the M18. This was found to be undesirable for a number of reasons. Bill Kincheloe came up with the idea of using a "Tiny Tim" toggle generator, of the type used with a number of Navy rockets. Originally an aluminum box was used to hold the generator. Later a Philadelphia company, Molded Plastic Insulation Company, took over the manufacture of the firing device for the first large-scale production run producing a plastic device. The sighting for the device was originally intended to be a cheap pentaprism device, which would allow the user to look down from above and see the sight picture. After locating a suitably low-cost device, the engineers found that fumes from either the C-3 explosive or the cement used to glue the sight to the top of the mine corroded the plastic mirrors, rendering them unusable. They adopted simple peep sights, which were later replaced by a knife blade sight. Testing concluded that the mine was effective out to approximately 110 yards (100 m), being capable of hitting 10% of the attacking force. At 55 yards (50 m), this increased to 30%. The development project completed, the Aerojet team sent the project back to Picatinny. The Arsenal bid it out to various component suppliers. In 1960 it was type standardized as the M18A1. It was first used in Vietnam in the spring or early summer 1966. Minor modifications were made to the mine during its service. A layer of tinfoil was added between the fragmentation matrix and the explosive. This slightly improves the fragment velocity, and protects the steel fragments from the corrosive explosive. A ferrite choke was added to prevent RF signals and lightning from triggering the mine.
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Auction Information
| Name | SPRING DISCOVERY MILITARY SALE |
|---|---|
| Auctioneer |
Milestone Auctions
|
| Type | Live Webcast Auction |
| Date(s) | 12/11/2023 - 5/4/2024 |
| Auction Date/Time Info |
MAY 4th Sale Starts 10AM EST
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| Preview Date/Time | 7 DAYS PRIOR TO SALE DAY BY APPOINTMENT or 8AM May 4th Sale DAY |
| Checkout Date/Time | Monday-Friday 9-5 or by Appointment |
| Location |
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| Buyer Premium | 20% Cash & Check 23% For Credit Card |
| Description |
MILESTONE AUCTIONS
PROUDLY PRESENTS:
DISCOVERY MILITARY AUCTION
MAY 4TH, 2024
GREAT SALE FEATURING OVER 850 LOTS OF MILITARY FROM THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR TO MODERN WAR. THE SALE INCLUDES SWORDS, KNIVES, DAGGERS, KATANAS, UNIFORMS, HELMETS, OTHER HEAD GEAR, MEDALS, INSIGNIA, PHOTOS, FLAGS AND MUCH MORE!!
HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDE CIVIL WAR ARTILLERY SLOUCH HAT, NAZI GERMAN SS DEDICATION DAGGAR, WW1 U.S. NAMED AVIATOR TUNIC, CIVIL WAR CS MARKED BOWIE KNIFE, NAZI GERMAN BRONZE PARTISAN WAR BADGE, JAPANESE SIGNED TANG KATANA WITH WOOD SURRENDER TAG, NAZI GERMAN SS SWORD, TIFFANY & CO. HUNTING BOWIE KNIFE WITH BELT RIG, AND MUCH MUCH MORE.
SATURDAY MAY 4TH 2024
10:00 AM
"FULL CATALOG & LIVE BIDDING AVAILABLE THRU"
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PHONE BIDS & ABSENTEE BIDS Call 440-527-8060
MILESTONE AUCTIONS GALLERY
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(440) 527-8060
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Auctioneer: Miles King
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3% Added for Credit Card Payments
MILESTONE AUCTIONS IS ALWAYS LOOKING FOR QUALITY CONSIGNMENTS! ONE PIECE OR ENTIRE COLLECTIONS!!
CALL 440-527-8060 FOR DETAILS
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Terms and Conditions
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All firearm purchases should be examined by a certified gunsmith prior to shooting.Milestone Auctions reserves the right to deny the sale of a firearm to any buyer.GAMING DEVICES - These items may be held for up to 5 business days so the state agencies can verify the purchaser's information. All auction participants are urged to check the legality of possession and/or shipment of gaming devices to their state of residence. Any gaming device purchased at the auction shall be used for the purposes of display or social entertainment within the private home or residence of the buyer and such devices shall not in any event or manner be exposed to the public for the purpose of gambling.Grading Scale:Near Mint Plus 97% - 100% Near Mint 90% - 96% Excellent 80% - 89% Very Good 70% - 79% Good Below 70%
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PAYMENT All merchandise must be paid in full within ten (10) days of the date of the sale. Purchases totaling $20,000 or more must be paid within three (3) days of the date of the sale. Call 440-527-8060 to pay your invoice by phone or mail payment to: 38198 Willoughby Parkway, Willoughby, Ohio, 44094.Absentee bids placed through our website will be auto charged to the credit card entered 48 hours after the end of the sale. If you wish to pay by another method please contact us within 48 hours after the sale. We accept Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express, personal checks/ certified checks, wire transfer, money orders, and cash.
SALES TAX- Sales tax is require if manidated by the state you reside in for all internet sales and will be added to your invocie.
-CREDIT CARD - For first time buyers and credit card charges greater than $2,500.00 buyers must complete the bottom portion of the invoice and must specifically sign the acknowledgement of our terms of sale before we will accept payment via credit card. We do offer the convenience of paying automatically by credit card. If you wish have your card automatically charged for all purchases please complete our 'Authorization for Automatic Credit Card Use.' We have this form available upon request. Split payments are subject to a 23% buyer's premium if a credit card is used as any form of total payment.-CHECK - There will be a $30.00 service charge for returned checks. Make checks payable to: Milestone Auctions LLC. Milestone Auctions reserves the right to hold items paid for by personal or company check until said check clears (14 days). Milestone Auctions has the right to hold all checks over $2,000.00. Customers who have an established successful buying history with Milestone Auctions may be exempt from this. We will accept a personal or company check >$2,000 and/or from a first time buyer if you provide a Bank Letter of Credit, available on our website.In the few situations where a successful bidder does not remit payment when due, Milestone Auctions will proceed with the legal steps necessary to protect its interests and will block the bidder from future auction participation.PACKING/SHIPPING-It is the bidder's responsibility to take shipping and handling costs into consideration when bidding on items.-Packaging, shipping, and insurance on items will be available to successful bidders. Applicable charges will be applied. -BIDDERS PRESENT AND TAKING ITEMS AFTER AUCTION ' Items paid for must be packed, transported and/or removed by the purchaser at his/her own risk after the close of the sale. If any employee or agent of Milestone Auction shall pack or transport the merchandise, it is fully at the risk and responsibility and expense of the purchaser. Milestone Auctions shall not be held liable for any loss or damage that may be caused by the said agent or employee. All items not removed after the close of the sale may be shipped to the buyer at their expense or may be moved or stored by Milestone Auctions. Fees, rates, and insurance will be charged accordingly to the buyer. -BIDDERS NOT PRESENT OR NEEDING SHIPPING - Shipping and handling charges will be added to the invoice and are NON-REFUNDABLE. Shipping will be based on actual costs via FedEx, FedEx Freight or USPS (best way). Handling and insurance will vary in cost depending on each invoice. All packages will be shipped with insurance. Items will ship seven to fourteen (7-14) business days after payment is received. -INTERNATIONAL SHIPMENTS ' Milestone Auctions has the availability to ship to international bidders. By law, Milestone Auctions cannot and will not declare lesser values for any international purchases and all shipments will include the invoice with purchase totals including the buyer's premium and shipping cost. All international bidders are responsible for paying all customs and duties on the items.-LARGE SIZE ITEMS - Please inquire about shipping costs due to the size restrictions of freight shipments. A third party shipment may be necessary for larger items. Call for more information, 440-527-8060 POST SALE RETURN POLICY Milestone Auctions hires knowledgeable experts to provide catalog descriptions on the merchandise we sell. Every effort is made to ensure those descriptions are accurate and that they fully disclose any exceptions to condition. Buyers who wish to report a problem with a purchase they have made must notify Milestone Auctions within three (3) days of receipt of their purchased item. A Return Authorization Number (RA#) must be issued by Milestone Auctions before you ship anything back to our address. Any items arriving without a return authorization will not be given a refund. The item in question must be shipped with the RA# on the outside and inside of the package, with full insurance, so it arrives at Milestone Auctions within one week of the aforementioned authorization. All rights reserved. Entire contents copyright 2014, Milestone Auctions LLC. Copyright includes, but is not limited to, print media, microform and electronic media, such as CD-ROMS and online computer services.
Bid Increments
Your bid must adhere to the bid increment schedule.
| Bid Amount | Bid Increment |
|---|---|
| 0.00 - 290.00 | 10.00 USD |
| 290.01 - 975.00 | 25.00 USD |
| 975.01 - 1,950.00 | 50.00 USD |
| 1,950.01 - 4,900.00 | 100.00 USD |
| 4,900.01 - 9,750.00 | 250.00 USD |
| 9,750.01 - 24,500.00 | 500.00 USD |
| 24,500.01 - 49,000.00 | 1,000.00 USD |
| 49,000.01 - 97,500.00 | 2,500.00 USD |
| 97,500.01 - 9,999,999.99 | 10,000.00 USD |
Payment Information
| Currency | USD |
|---|---|
| Buyer Premium | 20% Cash & Check 23% For Credit Card |
| Payment Terms |
PAYMENT
All merchandise must be paid in full within ten (10) days of the date of the sale. Purchases totaling $20,000 or more must be paid within three (3) days of the date of the sale. Call 440-527-8060 to pay your invoice by phone or mail payment to: 38198 Willoughby Parkway, Willoughby Ohio, 44094.
SALES TAX- Sales tax is require if manidated by the state you reside in for all internet sales and will be added to your invocie.
Absentee bids placed through www.milestoneauctions.com and Proxibid.com will be auto charged to the credit card entered 48 hours after the end of the sale. If you wish to pay by another method please contact us within 48 hours after the sale.
We accept Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express, personal checks/ certified checks, wire transfer, money orders, and cash.
• CREDIT CARD - For first time buyers and credit card charges greater than $2,500.00 buyers must complete the bottom portion of the invoice and must specifically sign the acknowledgement of our terms of sale before we will accept payment via credit card. We do offer the convenience of paying automatically by credit card. If you wish have your card automatically charged for all purchases please complete our “Authorization for Automatic Credit Card Use.” We have this form available upon request. Split payments are subject to a 23% buyer’s premium if a credit card is used as any form of total payment.
• CHECK - There will be a $30.00 service charge for returned checks. Make checks payable to: Milestone Auctions LLC. Milestone Auctions reserves the right to hold items paid for by personal or company check until said check clears (14 days). Milestone Auctions has the right to hold all checks over $2,000.00. Customers who have an established successful buying history with Milestone Auctions may be exempt from this. We will accept a personal or company check >$2,000 and/or from a first time buyer if you provide a Bank Letter of Credit, available on our website, www.milestoneauctions.com.
In the few situations where a successful bidder does not remit payment when due, Milestone Auctions will proceed with the legal steps necessary to protect its interests and will block the bidder from future auction participation.
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Shipping / Pick Up
PACKING/SHIPPING
• It is the bidder’s responsibility to take shipping and handling costs into consideration when bidding on items.
• Packaging, shipping, and insurance on items will be available to successful bidders. Applicable charges will be applied.
• BIDDERS PRESENT AND TAKING ITEMS AFTER AUCTION – Items paid for must be packed, transported and/or removed by the purchaser at his/her own risk after the close of the sale. If any employee or agent of Milestone Auction shall pack or transport the merchandise, it is fully at the risk and responsibility and expense of the purchaser. Milestone Auctions shall not be held liable for any loss or damage that may be caused by the said agent or employee. All items not removed after the close of the sale may be shipped to the buyer at their expense or may be moved or stored by Milestone Auctions. Fees, rates, and insurance will be charged accordingly to the buyer.
• BIDDERS NOT PRESENT OR NEEDING SHIPPING - Shipping and handling charges will be added to the invoice and are NON-REFUNDABLE. Shipping will be based on actual costs via FedEx, FedEx Freight or USPS (best way). Handling and insurance will vary in cost depending on each invoice. All packages will be shipped with insurance. Items will ship seven to fourteen (7-14) business days after payment is received.
• INTERNATIONAL SHIPMENTS – Milestone Auctions has the availability to ship to international bidders. By law, Milestone Auctions cannot and will not declare lesser values for any international purchases and all shipments will include the invoice with purchase totals including the buyer’s premium and shipping cost. All international bidders are responsible for paying all customs and duties on the items.
• LARGE SIZE ITEMS - Please inquire about shipping costs due to the size restrictions of freight shipments. A third party shipment may be necessary for larger items. Call for more information, 440-527-8060
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Notice: Financing terms available may vary depending on applicant and/or guarantor credit profile(s) and additional approval conditions. Assets aged 10-15 years or more may require increased finance charges. Financing approval may require pledge of collateral as security. Applicant credit profile including FICO is used for credit review. Commercial financing provided or arranged by Express Tech-Financing, LLC pursuant to California Finance Lender License #60DBO54873. Consumer financing arranged by Express Tech-Financing, LLC pursuant to California Finance Lender License #60DBO54873 and state licenses listed at the this link. Consumer financing not available for consumers residing in Alaska, Louisiana, Nevada, Ohio, Vermont, Hawaii, or Wisconsin. Additional state restrictions may apply. Equal opportunity lender.